Clinical value of marker genes in the diagnosis of salivary gland mammary secretory carcinoma / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of mammary analogue secretary carcinoma of salivary gland (MASC) .Methods:From Jan. 2018 to Jan. 2021, 28 cases of salivary gland MASC were collected in Ningbo Diagnostic Pathology Center, and 10 cases of acinar cell carcinoma and 10 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma were selected as controls. Immunohistochemical envision method was used to detect the expression of S-100,, DOG-1, CD117, SOX-10, Mammaglobin and Vimentin, and fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to detect the fusion gene of ETV6-NTRK3.Results:The S-100 protein, SOX-10 and Vimentin of MASC of salivary gland were diffusingly positive (28/28) , Mammaglobin (22/28) and CD117 (19/28) were partially positive, and DOG-1 was negative. ETV6-NTRK3 fusion transcription was successfully detected in 26 of 28 salivary gland MASC cases, of which 23 were positive and 3 were negative.Conclusions:Salivary gland MASC is a low-grade malignant epithelium tumor. Comprehensive detection of the expression levels of S-100 protein, SOX-10, DOG-1, Mammaglobin and CD117 is of great value for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MASC. FISH detection of ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion has important reference value for definite diagnosis.

Arthroscopic labrum reconstruction for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: 12 cases report / 北京大学学报(医学版)

To investigate the surgical effect of hip arthroscopic labrum reconstruction. A retrospective study was performed on the clinical data of 12 patients who underwent hip arthroscopic labrum reconstruction in our department from September 2017 to February 2021 and were followed up for 5-46 months, with an average of 21.5 months. All the patients had a hip joint space of more than 2 mm, and Tonnis grade less than level Ⅱ. These 12 patients underwent arthroscopic debridement of hyperplastic synovium, femoral head and neck and/or acetabular osteoplasty, and labrum reconstruction using autograft iliotibial band or gracilis tendon. After the surgery, we conducted follow-up and data collection, recorded the satisfaction of the patients and occurrence of complications, as well as the cartilage lesion of hip joint observed under the arthroscopy. We compared the alpha angle of Dunn X-ray film, center-edge angle (CE angle) of AP X-ray film, modified Harris hip score (mHHS score), hip outcome score (HOS), international hip outcome tool 12 score (iHOT12 Score), and visual analogue scale (VAS scale) before and after the arthroscopic operation, to assess clinical symptom relief and joint function recovery. The 12 patients were followed up for 5-46 (21.5±12.8) months. The VAS scale were (5.3±2.5) and (2.5±1.4) before and after the surgery, showing significant decrease (P=0.018). The mHHS score were (60.6±22.2) and (83.1±5.8) before and after the surgery, showing significant increase (P=0.003). The patient satisfaction was high (7.8±2.0) (range: 0-10). None of the 12 patients had serious complications, revision surgery, or total hip replacement at the end of the last follow-up. Autologous tendon transplantation for reconstruction of acetabular labrum under arthroscopy can improve the clinical symptoms and joint function of patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), which is a safe and effective treatment.

Safety and efficacy of ultrafiltration on heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and diuretic resistance: results from a single-center randomized controlled trial / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of ultrafiltration on diuretic sensitivity in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and diuretic resistance. Methods: This was a single-center randomized controlled trial. A total of 148 heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction admitted to the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from June 2010 to June 2020 were enrolled in this study, and these patients were randomly divided (ratio 1:1) into the ultrafiltration group (n=74) and the control group (n=74). All patients were treated with diuretics, cardiotonic, vasodilator and other comprehensive drugs according to relevant guidelines. After grouping, the patients in the control group were treated with standard treatment plan, while patients in the ultrafiltration group were treated with ultrafiltration on top of standard therapy. Diuretic drugs were discontinued during ultrafiltration, and intravenously furosemide (40 mg) was given immediately and 24 hours after the end of ultrafiltration. Clinical data including gender, age, complicated diseases, New York Heart Association (NYHA) function classification, etc. were collected. Effectiveness indicators include urine volume (the first 12-hour and 24-hour urine volume and the second 24-hour urine volume after using diuretic), body weight and dyspnea severity score. Safety indicators include systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, serum Na+ concentration, blood K+ concentration and the number of deaths before and after intervention. Results: Two patients in the control group died due to worsening heart failure after randomization and were excluded in this study, 146 patients were finally analyzed (72 patients in the control group and 74 patients in the ultrafiltration group). There were 93 males, and the age was (68.3±11.2) years. There was no significant difference between patients in the ultrafiltration group and the control group in gender, age, body weight, course of disease, dyspnea severity score, NYHA function classification Ⅲ/Ⅳ, the proportion of patients with severe edema of both lower limbs, the proportion of patients with complicated diseases, and basic medication (all P>0.05). After using diuretics, the urine volume of the first 12-hour and 24-hour and the second 24-hour were significantly higher in the ultrafiltration group than in the control group (all P<0.05). Body weight decreased significantly after ultrafiltration treatment as compared with that before intervention in the ultrafiltration group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the dyspnea severity score was significantly improved in the ultrafiltration group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, serum Na+ concentration, blood K+ concentration of patients between ultrafiltration group and control group before and after intervention (all P>0.05). During the clinical diagnosis and treatment, 2 male patients in the control group died, and the cause of death was aggravation of basic diseases complicated with acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock. There was no death in the ultrafiltration group, and there were no obvious clinical adverse events during and after ultrafiltration. Conclusion: Ultrafiltration therapy is safe and can improve diuretic sensitivity in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and diuretic resistance.

Boonsta-Bosch-Schaff optic atrophy syndrome with infantile spasm: A case and literatures review / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To report a case of Boonsta-Bosch-Schaff optic atrophy syndrome (BBSOAS) with infantile spasm, its clinical features as well as diagnosis and treatment process, and review the relevant literature. Methods Retrospectively analyze the clinical data of a case of BBSOAS with infant spasm patient in the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, retrieve the databanks of online human Mendelian genetic database (OMIM), PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang Medical Online, explore the clinical characteristic of BBSOAS with infant spasm patients, the relationship between the phenotype - genotype, and the therapeutic effect. Results The patient was a 9-month-old boy admitted to hospital due to "intermittent convulsions for 4 months". The growth and development of the child delayed, gaze following was poor; fundus examination showed pale optic disc (atrophy, small optic disc), spasm attack, and electroencephalogram indicated hypsarrhythmia. Genetic test found de novo missense mutation in NR2F1 gene c.383G>A (p.YS128tyr), so diagnosed as BBSOAS and Infantile spasms. The spasticity was not controlled and hypsarrhythmia was still existed in electroencephalogram after adrerrmrticotropic hormone (ACTH) and a variety of antiepileptic drugs were administered. Fever occurred 2 weeks after out of hospital oral perampanel, spasms was completely controlled after the febrile retrograde. A total of 9 English references were obtained by searching multiple databases and manual screening, and a total of 46 cases of BBSOAS were found, among which 9 cases were complicated with infantile spasms. All the amino acid changes caused by NR2F1 gene mutation were located in DNA-binding domain, and optic nerve atrophy or/and hypoplasia were observed. Conclusions The new missense mutation of NR2F1 gene c.383G>A that caused BBSOAS and infantile spasm is no literature report before. In case of optic atrophy or hypoplasia associated with spasm in infants and young children, the doctor should consider the possibility of BBSOAS, and do the genetic examination if necessary. Perampanel may be a potential drug for spasm control in such children.

Determination of Teicoplanin in Human Plasma and Related Factors Analysis / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the related factors effecting the teicoplanin concentration..METHODS: The patients′ information who accepted teicoplanin therapy and their plasma on the fourth day treatment were collected. The plasma was processed and detected by HPLC method. A multiple linear regression method was used to explore the relationship between the teicoplanin concentration and other factors. RESULTS: The result of multiple linear regression shows that the teicoplanin concentration relates with the creatine clearance and hypersensitive C-reactive protein. CONCLUSION: The teicoplanin treatment regimen could be altered by the level of patients′ creatine clearance and hypersensitive C-reactive protein in order to deliver a better individual treatment.

Liuwei Dihuang Pill () Treats Postmenopausal Osteoporosis with Shen (Kidney) Yin Deficiency via Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Signal Pathway by Up-regulating Cardiotrophin-Like Cytokine Factor 1 Expression / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate the mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pill (, LDP) in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) with Shen (Kidney) yin deficiency.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, 205 cases of PMOP were divided into the PMOP Shen-yin deficiency group (Group A), PMOP Shen-yang deficiency group (Group B), PMOP without Shen deficiency group (Group C), and control group (Group N). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot techniques were used to observe the effects of LDP treatment on the cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1), ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 1 (ASB1), and prokineticin 2 (PROK2) genes and the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA (P<0.05) and protein (P<0.01) expression levels of the CLCF1 gene in Group A were significantly lower than the corresponding levels in Group N. After LDP treatment for 3 months, the mRNA expression levels of the CLCF1 gene were obviously up-regulated (P<0.01). After 6-month treatment, the expression levels of CLCF1 mRNA and protein were significantly up-regulated (both P<0.01), and the average bone density of the top femur had significantly increased (P<0.05). In vitro, CLCF1 overexpression resulted in a significant increase in the total protein and phosphorylated protein levels of JAK2 and STAT3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The CLCF1 gene is an important gene associated with PMOP Shen-yin deficiency and the therapeutic effects of LDP may be mediated by up-regulation of CLCF1 gene expression and activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.</p>

Mensurement and analysis of biological characteristics of C57BL/6J mice and their offsprings after frozen-thawed embryo transfer of C57BL/6J mice / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of average body weight gain and serum biochemical indexes of C57BL/6J mice (B6 mouse) and their offspings after frozen-thawed embryo transfer of B6 mice.Methods The mice were divided into three groups in this study.In the experimental group I (E-I,30 males and 20 females),2-cell embryos after in-vitro fertilization were collected,and cryopreserved by EFS method,then obtained the offsprings after transplantation of the recovered embryos to oviduct of recipient mice (ICR mouse).In the experimental group II (E-II,26 males and 17 females),when the mice from E-I grew to maturity,the offsprings were obtained from natural mating of mice from E-I.In the control group (20 males and 20 females),the offsprings came from conventional feeding and natural mating.The three groups of mice were raised to 16 weeks old,weighing the body weight at a regular time intervals,and the serum biochemical indexes were obtained from 16-week-old mice.Then the changes of average body weight and serum biochemical indexes of the mice were analyzed.Results The average body weight of E-I mice was significantly higher than that of control group at each week-age (P<0.01).The average body weight of E-II female mice was significantly higher than that of the control group in 12-16-week old mice (P<0.01),but the average body weight of E-II male mice showed no significant differences compared with the control group except for few weeks.The serum biochemical indexes of E-I and E-II mice were changed in all items except for AST,TP and Ca.Conclusions There are some effects on the average body weight gain and serum biochemical indexes of C57BL/6J mice and their offspings after frozen-thawed embryo transfer.

Establishing a rapid monitoring method of common pathogens of frozen embryo and sperm in mice / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To establish a rapid monitoring method of the three common bacteria in mice frozen resources, such as embryo, sperm, etc. Methods To extract DNA of the three positive bacteria( Staphylococcus auerus, Klebsiella?pneumoniae and β?hemolyticstreptococcus) , and establish PCR monitoring method of the three positive strains through designing primer and refining PCR condition. Then extract total DNA of the frozen resources, detect the DNA according to the PCR condition of the three positive bacteria, some samples were detect by fluorescence quantitative PCR at the same time. Results ①successfully establish a PCR detection method of the three positive bacteria, the minimum detectable concentration of Staphylococcus auerus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and β?hemolytic streptococcus is 4?19 × 10 -5 ng/μL, 1?98 × 10 -5 ng/μL and 1?07 × 10 -3 ng/μL. ②Proved that the three bacteria doesn ’ t exist in the sample by normal PCR and fluorescence quantitative PCR methods. Conclusions Establising a rapid monitoring method of common pathogens of frozen embryo and sperm in mice.

Effect of surgery for spontaneous subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse via bulbar conjunctiva under topical anesthesia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of surgery for spontaneous subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse via bulbar conjunctiva under topical anesthesia. ●METHODS: A total of 22 eyes of 11 patients received surgery for spontaneous subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse via bulbar conjunctiva under topical anesthesia were included. Objective and subjective duration of the operation, degree of cooperation during surgery, postoperative recovery, recurrence and complications were observed. ●RESULTS: In the process of surgery, patients without pain and being-cooperated were recorded in 17 eyes. The patients who occasionally felt slight pain, but within endurance after adding topical anesthesia once and the operation was completed successfully were recorded in 5 eyes ( the second eye surgery ) . The operation was successfully completed in all the patients. Compared the coordination degree during surgery of Gradel with GradeⅡ, the difference was statistically significant ( t=-3. 123, P ● CONCLUSION: The surgery for spontaneous subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse via bulbar conjunctiva under topical anesthesia can ensure satisfactory anesthetic effect and get better quality of operation. It′s a simple, safe and effective anesthesia method for spontaneous subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse.

Clinicopathologic study of solid papillary carcinoma of the breast / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose: Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) is an uncommon histological pattern accounting for <1% of breast carcinomas. It is a distinctive form of papillary carcinoma characterized by closely apposed expansile, cellar nodules. The present study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype and prognosis of SPC of breast. Methods:We retrieved the data of 32 cases of SPC of the breast from pathology files, and determined the expressions of ER, PR, C-erbB-2, p63, Calponin, CK5/6, Ki-67, Syn and CgA by pathohistological observation and immunohistochemical examination. Results:All the patients were females with a mean age of 67.3 years. The clinical features were a palpable mass or bloody nipple discharge. The tumor was observed as a whitish-grey or yellowish-brown, lfeshy ifrm or soft, nodular circumscribed mass on gross examination. Microscopy showed solid and papillary area inside the capsule wall and that fine delicate fibrovascular septa were discovered amid the solid proliferation. The tumor cells were oval, polygonal, spindled or signet ring-like with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and contained mildly to moderately pleomorphic nuclei. Immunohistochemically, all tumor cells were strongly positive for ER and PR (++-+++), negative for C-erbB-2 and all cases were negative for CK5/6, p63 and Calponin in the cellular nodules. The positive expression rates of Syn and CgA were 68.8%and 78.2%, respectively. The average positive rate of Ki-67 in tumor cells was 7.5%(2%-20%). Twenty-seven patients were available for follow-up examination from 6 to 84 months and 25 patients were alive and disease free. One patient had tumor recurrence, and was alive after reoperation. Another patient died of the tumor metastasis. Conclusion:SPC is predominantly found in elderly females with distinctive pathological features and immunophenotype. SPC often carries an indolent clinical behavior, and even if accompanied by inifltration, very rare cases have recurrence and metastasis after resection, so its prognosis is better.

Bond strength analysis of the bone cement- stem interface of hip arthroplasties

OBJECTIVE@#To study and establish the preliminary linear and modified models for the interface shear mechanics performance between implant and bone cement and to explore its damage significance.@*METHOD@#The loosening research between artificial hip joint prosthesis stem and bone cement interface performance can be evaluated by the push-in test. Based on the debonding performance test, the analytical expressions of the average load and displacement from the debonding failure and splitting failure process were deduced and determined. The correlations of the expressions of the average load-displacement and statistical experimental data were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#It demonstrated that the interface debonding failure mechanical model could be characterized as interface bond strength mechanical performance. Based on analysis of models and experimental data by the three statistical analysis methods, the results indicated the modified model could be better represented by the interfacial debonding strength properties. The bond stress τ and relative sliding s distribution along the embedment regional were coupling affected by both pressure arch effect and shear lag effect in bone cement. Two stress peaks of implant have been found at the distance from 0.175La loading tip to 0.325La free tip, which also verified the early loosening clinical reports for the proximal and latter region. As the bone cement arch effect, the bond stress peak tend to move to the free tip when the debonding failure would be changed into the splitting failure, which presents a preliminary study on the mechanism of early debonding failure for the stem-cement interface.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Functional models of the stem-bone cement interfacial debonding failure are developed to analyze the relevant mechanism. The different locational titanium alloy stress, and the interfacial bond stress and the relative slides are evaluated to acquire a guide of the different positions of interfacial damage. The coupling effect which is original from the pressure arch and the interfacial shear hysteresis cumulative effect has influence on the interfacial debonding and damage process.

Disability identification for cases with clinical diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury due to traffic accidents: a study of 89 cases / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the disability identification for cases with clinical diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) due to traffic accidents, and to explore the possible effects of DAI on identification results.@*METHODS@#Five hundred and fifty-six cases of cerebral injury due to traffic accidents were collected, including 467 cases diagnosed with cerebral contusion or laceration and 89 cases diagnosed with DAI. The identification results of different groups with diagnosis of DAI diagnosis, diagnosis of DAI with cerebral contusion (laceration), and diagnosis of cerebral contusion or laceration without DAI were compared and statistically analyzed, based on the results of CT and MRI re-review.@*RESULTS@#The disability identification levels in DAI group (20 cases), DAI group (69 cases) with cerebral contusion (laceration) and DAI group (467 cases) not complicated by cerebral contusion (laceration) were 7.72 +/- 1.09, 7.78 +/- 1.11, and 8.86 +/- 0.66, respectively. The disability levels of the two groups diagnosed with DAI were higher than those of the group without DAI diagnosis (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Patients with DAI diagnosis might have more severe cerebral injury. In the identification process, one should pay attention to the possible missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, and meanwhile avoid relying on those evidences provided only by CT and MRI.

Clinicopathologic features of collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney-report of 5 case and review ;of literature / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose: Collecting duct carcinomas of the kidney are a rare malignant tumor accounting for<1%of renal malignancies. It is associated with aggressive nature and more than 50%of patients have metastatic disease at the time of initial diagnosis. The diagnosis of collecting duct carcinoma is often dififcult and to some extent is one of exclusion. This study aimed to study the clinicopathologic features of collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. Methods:We retrieved the data of ifve cases of collecting duct carcinomas of the kidney from pathology ifles, and determined the expressions of CK19, CAM5.2, CK7, Vimentin, CD10, P63 and PaX-8 by pathohistological observation and immunohistochemical examination. Results: The most common symptoms were blood urine, bellyache and abdomen mass. The tumor originated from the medulla of the kidney central zone. Histologically, the tumors demonstrated irregular tubular or papillary architecture with the stroma of inflammatory cells and fibrous tissue proliferation. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CK19(5/5), CAM5.2(5/5), PaX-8(5/5), Vimentin(2/5), CK7(1/5), and negative for P63, CD10. Conclusion: The correct diagnosis in collecting duct carcinomas of the kidney is based on characteristic morphological features and immunophenotype labeling.

Expression and significance of platelet-derived growth factor-B in the placentas from pregnant women with pre-eclampsia or eclampsia / 中国医师进修杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B and pre-eclampsia or eclampsia by comparing the expression of PDGF-B mRNA and PDGF-BB protein in the placentas from pregnant women with normal pregnancy,pre-eclampsia or eclampsia.Methods The expression of PDGF-B mRNA and PDGF-BB protein were respectively determined with RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry combined with the analysis of computer microphotography in the placentas from 20 mild pre-eclampsia (mild pre-eclampsia group),20 severe pre-eclampsia (severe pre-eclampsia group),3 eclampsia (eclampsia group) and 20 normal pregnancy (control group).ResultsThe expression of PDGF-B mRNA and PDGF-BB protein in the placentas of mild pre-eclampsia group,severe pre-eclampsia group and eclampsia group ( 1.56 ± 0.30 and 1.32 ± 0.34,1.91 ± 0.28 and 2.00 ± 0.41,2.57 ± 0.06 and 2.73 ± 0.15)were higher than those of control group ( 1.38 ± 0.25 and 1.01 ± 0.26) with significant differences (P＜ 0.01 ).The expression of PDGF-B mRNA and PDGF-BB protein in the placentas of severe pre-eclampsia group and eclampsia group were higher than those of mild pre-eclampsia group (P ＜ 0.01 ).The expression of PDGF-B mRNA and PDGF-BB protein were positively correlated with the degree of the disease (r =0.691,0.797,P ＜0.01 ).ConclusionsPregnant women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia have higher expression of pDGF-B in the placentas.PDGF-B may play an important role in the development and progression of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia by promoting atherogenesis in the placental vessels.

Effects of acetabular morphology on contact mechanics of the hip joint / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the influence of acetabular morphology on contact mechanics of the human hip joint. Methods One anatomical finite element (FE) model of natural hip joint and three simplified FE models with different acetabular geometry were established to study the contact mechanics of hip joint under gait loads. Results (1) Contact predicted by the anatomical model was mainly distributed in the acetabular medial-superior area, from anterior to posterior, with the peak contact pressure occurred in the anterior-superior area; (2) Compared with the anatomical model, the rotational ellipsoid produced similar contact behavior, while the sphere and the rotational conchoids predicted that contact was distributed in the medial-lateral direction; (3) The rotational ellipsoid predicted the largest contact area and the lowest peak contact pressure and Von-Mises stress; (4) The sphere and rotational conchoids had similar contact mechanical behavior. Conclusions Compared with the sphere and rotational conchoids, the rotational ellipsoid could be more preferable to represent the anatomical morphology of the acetabulum and its contact mechanics.

Preparation and mechanical properties analysis of porous biological ceramics and PVA hydrogel composite material / 医用生物力学

Objective To cross-link the porous biological ceramics and PVA hydrogel to form a double layer construction between the artificial cartilage and hard joint, and to analyze its morphologies and mechanical properties. Methods With hydroxyl apatite (HA) as the substrate, the porous hydroxyl apatite biological ceramics with different porosities were prepared by using NH4HCO3 crystal grains as the pore-formed material. The poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and epoxypropane were used as the primary material and cross-linking agent, respectively. The PVA hydrogel with double layer construction was cross-linked and prepared on the porous biological ceramics surface. The fracture appearances of the test specimen section were characterized. The performances of anti tensile strength and anti-shear strength for PVA hydrogel were analyzed. Results The cross-linked PVA hydrogel could permeate in the biological ceramics substrate, and the union between ceramic substrate and PVA hydrogel performed well. With the porosity of the porous biological ceramics increasing, the tension load and shear load of the PVA hydrogel samples both increased, and with the average porosity of 70%, the samples’ biggest tension load and shear load were 153.61 N and 64.46 N, respectively. But the corresponding tensile strength and shear strength both decreased and with the average porsity of 70%, the samples’ biggest tensile strength and shear strength were 2.12 MPa and 1.13 MPa, respectively. The failure mode of both tension and shear tests for PVA hydrogel samples was due to the crack propagation, and the fracture morphologies showed that obvious cracks and internal defects appeared on the fracture surface, while the source of the crack and the direction of the crack propagation could be observed. Conclusions Considering the compression strength of porous biological ceramics, the permeation effect on the porous biological ceramic substrate with the average porosity of 50% is moderate to be used, which ensures the appropriate shear and tensile strength of PVA hydrogel samples and the compression strength of porous biological ceramic.

Activity of superior interferon α against HIV-1 in severe combined immunodeficient mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Interferon (IFN) can inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in vitro and in clinic. However, IFN therapy for HIV infection was limited by its moderate antiviral efficacy and its frequent adverse effects. In the present study we evaluated the anti-HIV efficacy of a novel synthesized superior interferon α (sIFNα).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed in vitro experiments with HIV-1 IIIB infected MT4 cells, and evaluated in vivo anti-HIV efficacy of sIFNα in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes (hu-PBL-SCID mice).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We found that the 50% effective concentrations (EC(50)) of sIFNα against the replication of HIV-1 in MT4 cells was 0.06 ng/ml, representing stronger antiviral activity than interferon-α in vitro. In the hu-PBL-SCID mice, a dose-dependent protection pattern was observed: with 0.45 µg and 1.35 µg sIFNα daily treatments, parts of SCID mice were protected from HIV infection, whereas 2.25 µg sIFNα daily treatments resulted in a terminally complete protection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>sIFNα shows good anti-HIV activity both in vitro and in SCID mice, may be a promising anti-HIV agent deserving clinical investigation, especially considering the potential of IFN-α to inhibit HIV replication in patients infected with drug-resistant variants or co-infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV).</p>

Effect of total hip arthroplasty on biomechanical behavior of natural femur / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the deformation and stress distribution of femur after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and its influence on the vibration mode and natural frequency of femur. Method Two finite element models of natural femur and femur after THA were developed on the basis of computed tomography (CT) scans from a normal young man to investigate the biomechanical behavior of the subjectunder gait condition and make the modal analysis. Results (1) After THA, obvious stress concentration was obtained around the prosthesis neck, and the stress shielding was observed; (2) The peak stress of femur model after THA increased to 4.36 times of the original one; (3) The natural frequency for constrained mode was much higher than that of free mode; (4) With the increase of vibration mode, the differences in natural frequency between two models became larger; (5) Bending and twisting were the main vibration mode of femur, and there were no significant changes in vibration mode before and after THA. Conclusions The prosthesis could change the mechanical and structural properties of the original femur. In order to avoid prosthesis loosening derived from sympathetic vibration, the vibration property of femur must be taken into consideration in the design of prosthesis.

Related analysis of mental disability and retardation due to traffic brain injury / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the relevant factors of determining the degree of mental disability after brain injuries in the traffic accidents.@*METHODS@#A total of 157 forensic psychiatry cases involving the assessment of mental disability caused by traffic accidents were collected and divided into three groups (mild, moderate and severe) according to the conclusion of the forensic identification. The demographic, clinical and forensic data were compared in the three groups and analyzed with ordinal logistic regression.@*RESULTS@#There was no statistically significant difference in the demographic data among three groups (P > 0.05). While there was statistically significant difference in the coma duration, severity of intracranial hemorrhage, working capacity, family duties, social functions, self care capacity and intelligence quotient (P < 0.05) among the groups. Intracranial hemorrhage, family duties, social functions and self care capacity were chosen as the factors in the logistic regression equation.@*CONCLUSION@#The degree of the brain damage influenced the mental disability. Family duties, social functions and self care capacity are the major factors for determining the degree of mental disability after injured.

Preliminary study on CT perfusion imaging in guiding biopsy of pulmonary lumps / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>CT perfusion imaging (CTP) has been proved to be a powerful functional imaging technique. This study aimed to evaluate the value of CTP in guiding biopsy of pulmonary lumps.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 147 patients with pulmonary lumps who had CT guided biopsies were enrolled in this study from February 2005 to June 2007. The patients were assigned to 3 groups: 33 cases guided by CTP as group I, 45 cases guided by contrast-enhanced scan of CT as group II, and 69 cases guided by plain scan of CT as group III. Each group was subdivided into central and peripheral types according to the location of the lumps. The achievement ratio of biopsy, the accuracy in grouping, and grading of lung cancer, and the incidence of complication were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total achievement ratios of biopsy from group I to III were 100% (33/33), 91% (41/45), and 80% (55/69) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant between group I and III (P < 0.05). For the central type, they were 100% (18/18), 88% (15/17), and 79% (11/14) respectively, and the difference was also statistically significant between group I and III (P < 0.05). For the peripheral type, they were 100% (15/15), 93% (26/28), and 80% (44/55) respectivelies, and the difference was not statistically significant among the three groups. The total accuracies in grouping and grading of lung cancer from group I to III were 100% (27/27), 91% (31/34), and 72% (33/46) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant between group I and III and between group II and III (P < 0.05). For the central type, they were 100% (16/16), 94% (16/17), and 70% (8/12) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant between group I and III (P < 0.05). For the peripheral type, they were 100% (11/11), 88% (15/17), and 72% (26/36) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant between group I and III (P < 0.05). The total incidence of complication from group I to III were 15% (5/33), 27% (12/45), and 43% (30/69) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant between group I and III (P < 0.01). For the central type, they were 11% (2/18), 24% (4/17), and 57% (8/14) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant between group I and III (P < 0.01). For the peripheral type, they were 20% (3/15), 29% (8/28), and 40% (22/55) respectively, and no statistically significant difference was found among the three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CTP guided biopsy of pulmonary lumps using multi-detector row CT has the potential to improve the accuracy of histopathological diagnosis with a lower risk and higher achievement ratio. More research and technical improvements are needed before it is widely used.</p>